The Animals with Backbones
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone, or spine. This makes them the most complex and diverse animal group on Earth. There are over 60,000 species of vertebrates, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
Vertebrates have a number of common characteristics that set them apart from other animals. They all have a backbone, which provides support for their bodies and allows them to move more easily. They also have a brain and a central nervous system that is protected by the backbone. In addition, vertebrates have a pair of eyes, a pair of ears, and a mouth.
Vertebrates are found in all parts of the world, from the deepest oceans to the highest mountains. They can live in a wide variety of habitats, including forests, deserts, and even the Arctic. Vertebrates play an important role in the ecosystem, as they are both predators and prey. They also help to disperse seeds and pollinate plants.
There are five main classes of vertebrates:
Mammals are warm-blooded animals that have fur or hair. There are about 5,500 species of mammals, including humans, dogs, cats, and whales. Mammals give birth to live young and nurse them with milk.
2-Birds 
Birds are warm-blooded animals that have feathers. There are about 10,000 species of birds, including eagles, hawks, penguins, and parrots. Birds lay eggs and their young hatch from the eggs.
3-Fish
Fish are the most diverse class of vertebrates, with over 26,000 species. They are found in all oceans and in many freshwater habitats. Fish have gills for breathing underwater and fins for swimming.
4-Reptiles
Reptilesare cold-blooded animals that have scales on their skin. There are about 10,000 species of reptiles, including snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles. Reptiles lay eggs and their young hatch from the eggs.
5-Amphibians
Amphibians are animals that can live both in water and on land. There are about 6,000 species of amphibians, including frogs, toads, and salamanders. Amphibians have smooth, moist skin that helps them to breathe when they are on land.
Vertebrates are fascinating creatures that play an important role in the world. They are diverse, adaptable, and have been around for millions of years. We are still learning about these amazing animals, and there is much that we don't know. But one thing is for sure: vertebrates are a vital part of our planet and we need to do everything we can to protect them.
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